Java is mentioned in the documentation but just as the “Java Programming Language” as in the name of the book that specifies it independently of the class libraries.

More importantly, I think part of the complication that many people have ignored (included yourself) is the toolchain used to build Android SDK “apps” does include the Sun/Oracle javac compiler.

The JDK must be installed to build Android applications.

The .class files output by the Sun javac compiler are then “translated” or “cross-compiled” by the dx application to Dalvik VM bytecodes in a .dex file which has the same functionality as a class file but the bytecode is Dalvik bytecode and the format is different. The Dalvik VM then executes those .dex files in the context of Google’s Apache Harmony derived class library (which of course is also in .dex form).

An important question is exactly where do Oracle see a copyright violation? Remember this part is not trademark or patent violations.

Is it in this toolchain? But Google doesn’t distribute the JDK so it’s not there.

Is it in the content output by javac that is then converted by dx? Does that mean that Oracle claims some copyright on the .class files any developer makes because they contain something included by the javac or it’s runtime? That seems like a very odd claim for a compiler especially a GPLed one (see below)

Does Oracle somehow believe that developers can’t manipulate the .class files that they generate with the JDK? How can they do that without a EULA or other contract which Google never signed. The GPL 2 which has covered the JDK since 17 November 2006 is not a EULA (it’s a distribution license) which explicitly states “Activities other than copying, distribution and modification are not covered by this License; they are outside its scope. The act of running the Program is not restricted …”.

I’m still not seeing where the copyright violation is (unless it’s something trivial in the documentation).